Signal Transduction

Cell signaling transduction refers to the process in which information carried by extracellular messenger molecules is translated into changes that occur inside a cell. Cell signaling transduction involves a series of molecular events that detect, amplify, and integrate diverse external signals to generate responses such as changes in enzyme activity, gene expression, or ion-channel activity. Cell signaling transductions are the basic mechanisms of many vital physical processes.

Signal transducing receptors are of four general classes:

1.     Receptors that penetrate the plasma membrane and have intrinsic enzymatic activity or are enzyme associated (Enzyme-linked Receptors)
2.     Receptors that are coupled, inside the cell, to G proteins (7-TM Receptors)
3.     Receptors that are found intracellularly and upon ligand binding directly alter gene transcription (Nuclear Receptors)
4.     Ligand-gated ion channels

One of the most important functions of cell signaling is to control and maintain normal physiological balance within the body. Activation of different signaling pathways leads to diverse physiological responses, such as cell proliferation, death, differentiation, and metabolism. In the last few years signal transduction therapy has become one of the most important areas of modern drug research.

Krishgen offers a wide variety of ELISAs for estimation of signal transduction proteins.