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Small Molecule GLP-1 Agonists vs Peptide Analogs: What Changes at the Receptor Level?

Oral small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonists represent a significant shift in metabolic pharmacology. Where peptide analogs like Semaglutide and Liraglutide are large, acylated peptides that must be injected subcutaneously, small molecules such as Orforglipron (LY3502970) and Danuglipron are orally bioavailable compounds that fit entirely within the transmembrane binding pocket of GLP-1R. They activate the same […]

NAFLD to NASH: Disease Progression, Staging, and Biomarker Changes

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver condition worldwide, affecting approximately one in four adults globally. For most people it remains stable, but in 20-30% of cases it progresses to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)  a state of active inflammation and hepatocellular injury that can advance to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Understanding where […]